![]() There are two ways to harden your Application, the official one is by using entitlements and a less common one by creating a _RESTRICT segment in the Mach-O binary. The Hardened Runtime, along with System Integrity Protection (SIP), protects the runtime integrity of your software by preventing certain classes of exploits, like code injection, dynamically linked library (DLL) hijacking, and process memory space tampering. In this story we will walk towards finding a solution to inject external code into hardened Apps like iTunes and Xcode. These Apps are hardened to instruct the ‘dyld’ to disable the injection defined by environment variables as well as to reject code that does not match code signature of the Application. However, as one would expect, the simple dynamic code injection used in Part I would not succeed in (important) Apps such as iTunes, Xcode, Photos. In Part I we used a dynamic code injection techique using the DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES environment variable, an old property of the Dynamic Linker ‘dyld’ to load external libraries. In fairness we must say that in Part I we worked with the condition of disabling System Integrity Protection (SIP) which is a major security layer on OS X. Why would such important applications not have a simple protection (hardening) against external code injection is not easy to understand. In Part I we saw how easy it is to inject code into Mac Apps, from Calculator to Mail, even more surprisingly, into Microsoft Apps like Word 2018. ![]()
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